The mechanisms and pathways of sympathetic nervous system modulation of auditory function is still valuable for us to research and discuss. In pathological states, the sympathetic nervous system is associated with many hearing disorders. In central auditory pathways, norepinephrine is essential for plasticity in the auditory cortex and affects auditory cortex activity. Key Messages: In the peripheral auditory system, the sympathetic nervous system regulates cochlear blood flow, modulates cochlear efferent fibers, affects hair cells, and influences the habenula region. Herein, we review the distribution and putative physiological and pathological roles of sympathetic nervous system projections in hearing. Summary: As such, understanding sympathetic nervous system regulation of auditory function is a growing topic of interest. With the rapid development of neuroscience, auditory central regulation is an extant topic of focus in research on hearing. Nevertheless, research on adrenergic and noradrenergic regulation of the cochlea and central auditory system is growing. The function of sympathetic fibers in the cochlea has not been studied extensively due to the limited number of direct projections in the auditory system. Sympathetic nervous system projections are present throughout the auditory system. It comprises both peripheral and central structures. Background: The auditory system processes how we hear and understand sounds within the environment.
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